Linux Fundamentals for IT Professionals

Linux Commands for day to day usage and basics of Shell Scripting with Case Studies.

What you'll learn
Setup Ubuntu Linux on Windows using wsl
Getting Started with Linux Shell Commands using commands such as pwd, help, etc
Listing files and folders in Linux File System using ls
Filtering files and folders in Linux File System using commands such as find
Processing Data in Files using Linux Commands using commands such cat, tail, head, more, cut, sort, uniq, etc
Understanding File and Folder Properties and also commands to change the ownership as well as permissions
Managing Files and Folders in Linux using commands such as cp, mv, rm, etc along with awk for the automation
Basic System Commands in Linux such as lscpu, free, df, du, etc to get CPU, memory, free or available as well as used storage respectively
Comparing Files and Folders in Linux using diff
Variables and Environment Variables in Linux including commands such as env and concepts related to PATH Environment Variable
Getting Started with AWS to provision EC2 Instances to explore SSH, networking concepts, scp, etc
Overview of SSH to interact with remote servers which includes all key concepts such as sshd, configuration files, running commands remotely, etc
Basic Networking Concepts such as different ip addresses, ports using Linux including telnet command to troubleshoot networking issues
Copy Files and Folders between Multiple Systems using scp including fine tuning the performance of scp
Troubleshooting Application issues using find and grep in Linux
Monitoring and Managing Linux Servers using System Commands such as uptime, ps, lost, top, etc
Overview of Developer Tools for Linux using Windows - notepad++, winscp, visual studio code, etc
Overview of Ansible for Server Automation - Running Commands, Playbooks, Variables, Profiles, etc
Overview of Automation using Python on Linux - using os, subprocess, modules

Requirements
PC or Mac with decent configuration
At least 8 GB RAM, i5 or equivalent processor
CPU with dual core or with higher configuration
Description
As part of this course, you will learn most of the important Linux commands that can come in handy while working in Linux-based environments.

Here are the high-level details of the Linux Commands that are covered as part of this hands-on course.

You will get started by having an appropriate environment to practice. Windows users can set up Ubuntu 20.04 using wsl.

Once the environment is ready, you will understand how to get started with basic Linux Commands.

The most commonly used command in Linux is ls. It is used to list the files. We will see different variations of ls by going through all the relevant arguments.

One of the powerful Linux commands and also my favorite is "find". It helps us to filter the files and directories based on name, type, modified time, etc. You will learn how to use the find command effectively from the perspective of finding the files based on the criteria.

As we understand how to get details related to files and folders in Linux, we will go through the details related to previewing the data in files using important Linux commands such as cat, tail, more, etc. Also, we will review Linux commands such as cut, sort, uniq to process the data. All these commands are typically used against text files.

After going through details related to ls, find commands as well as commands related to processing data in files, we will walk you through the details related to file and folder properties in Linux. You will get an overview of commands such as useradd, userdel, chmod, etc which are typically associated with file permissions.

One of the key aspects related to files and folders is to manage them effectively. We will go through the details about managing files and folders using Linux commands such as cp for copy, mv for move or rename, rm for delete or remove, tar to build uncompressed as well as compressed tar balls. Also, you will get a taste of the awk command to automate some of the common tasks such as reorganizing the files based on patterns.

The core components of a computer are nothing but CPU, Memory, and Storage. In this section or module, you will be learning Linux commands such as lscpu to get CPU details, free to get memory details, and then df and du to get storage details.

At times, we need to make sure the data is in files as well as codebase to troubleshoot the production issues or bugs in QA. In this section, you will learn how to use the Linux command called diff to compare files and folders and review the differences.

Environment Variables are the ones that can impact the sessions logged in by users in Linux. As part of this section, you will be learning details related to Variables, Environment Variables. Also, you will understand how to list all the Environment Variables using Linux commands such env, and how to get a value of a Variable or Environment Variable using the Linux command echo. On top of these things, you will also learn all important aspects related to one of the most important Environment Variables called PATH.

As we gain a decent amount of knowledge related to Linux commands using a single server, it is time for us to explore other important commands such as ssh, scp, pssh, pscp, etc which require more than one Linux System or Server. Also, we need to go through basic networking concepts. To learn commands to interact between the servers as well as to understand basic networking concepts, we will get started with AWS to provision Ubuntu-based virtual machines. These Virtual Machines will be used in the subsequent sections to learn the concepts mentioned earlier as part of this bullet point.

Once we go through the details about getting started with AWS, we will focus on learning all key concepts related to SSH such as sshd daemon, updating ssh config files, and restarting sshd using systemctl or service command. Also, we will go through the details related to passwordless login and also ability to run commands remotely via ssh. We will also understand how to set up parallel ssh and then run commands on multiple Linux systems in parallel.

To be comfortable with learning in a Linux environment, it is very important for one to understand key concepts such as different types of IP Addresses, Port Numbers, relationships between applications and databases with ports, etc. In this section, we will go through all important networking concepts using apache2, MongoDB, etc.

Once we are comfortable with SSH, it is time for us to use tools such as scp which uses ssh under the hood to copy files and folders between the Linux Systems. We will also explore parallel scp to copy files in parallel to multiple target systems from one source system. Also, we will go through the details related to speeding up the copy using different techniques which include submitting multiple scp commands using nohup.

One of the important aspects for any IT Engineer is to troubleshoot the application issues deployed in Linux by reviewing logs generated by applications. After going through scp, you will learn how to troubleshoot issues by using grep and find against log files of the applications deployed on the Linux Server.

To ensure that we can monitor and manage Linux Servers, we not only need to understand how to manage applications and databases in Linux but also need to understand the performance of the applications. For managing applications and databases on a Linux server, one should be familiar with commands such as apt to install applications and systemctl or service to manage the life cycle of applications and databases. To monitor, one should be familiar with commands such as ps, lsof, top, etc. You will learn how to monitor and manage applications as well as databases using examples such as ssh, apache2, mongodb, jupyterlab, etc.

As we learned quite a few commands and tools on Linux, now it is time for us to work on increasing productivity by using appropriate tools, especially for Windows users. You will see the relevance and also how to setup tools such as notepad++, winscp, visual studio code with remote development extension, git tools for Windows, etc.

Organizations will end up having hundreds of servers to support their applications. However, these hundreds of servers need to follow a handful of templates. Using Server Automation tools like Ansible, we should be able to automate the process of configuring a large number of servers using a handful of templates. You will get an overview of Ansible covering some of the core concepts of Ansible such as running commands, inventory, playbooks, variables, roles, etc.

Also, you will understand how to use programming languages like Python to take care of automation by using modules such as os, glob, subprocess, etc.

Basic Linux Commands

Running the first command on Linux

Getting usage of Linux commands using the help

Overview of Files and Folders

Fully Qualified or Absolute Paths and Relative Paths of Files and Folders

Listing files and folders in Linux File System using ls

Overview of ls command to list files and folders in Linux

Setup Files and Folders from GitHub Account to learn Shell Commands

Setup Jupyter Lab to go through help on linux commands

Getting the properties of files and folders using the ls command in Linux

Sorting ls output while listing files in Linux

List files and folders in Linux sorted by time

List files and folders in Linux sorted by size

Overview of Hidden Folders and Files

Listing Hidden Files and Folders in Linux

Listing the files and folders recursively in Linux

Exploring Control Arguments while listing files in Linux

Overview of representation of file sizes

Overview of alias command and ll to list files and folders

Filtering files and folders in Linux File System

Introduction to the filtering files and folders on Linux File System

Accessing Windows Files and Folders from Linux setup using wsl

Overview of grep command

Few basic examples using grep and piping

Overview of Piping while running shell commands

Overview of Basic Pattern Matching

Deep Dive into the wc command to get word count or line count

Overview of the find command to filter files and folders

Understand the behavior of the simplest form of find command in Linux

Using Linux find command to find directories or folders

Using Linux find command to find files by type and pattern

Overview of Standard Directories in Linux

Get the list of files based on the modified time using the Linux find command

Get the list of files based on size using the Linux find command

Processing Data in Files using Linux Commands

Introduction to commands used for processing data in files using Linux

Overview of Different File Formats

Get file format or type using file command in Linux

Preview the data in the text file using head command in Linux

Preview the data in the text file using tail command

Install apache web server on Ubuntu Linux

Generate Apache Logs every second using shell script and nohup

Monitoring Logs using tail command in Linux

Preview the data in the text file using more command

Extract data from files in Linux using cut command

Sort data in files in Linux using sort command

Sort data in files in Linux using sort command based on key and delimiter

Extract Information and Redirect to a file in Linux

Getting Unique Records from File using sort in Linux

Using uniq to get unique values in Linux

Understanding File and Folder Properties

Introduction to Properties of Files and Folders

Understand File and Folder Properties provided by ls command

Understanding Owner of the Files in Linux

Overview of groups associated with files and folders in Linux

Creating Groups in Linux using groupadd

Create users in Linux using useradd command

Specifying bash as the default shell while creating users in Linux

Create Users with Group in Linux

Add users to supplementary or secondary groups in Linux

Overview of File Permissions in Linux

Overview of umask for default permissions on Files and Folders

Permissions on Home Folders for different Linux Users

File and Folder Permissions for Groups and Others

Conclusion for File and Folder Properties using Linux

Managing Files and Folders in Linux

Introduction to Managing Files and Folders in Linux

Generate empty files in Linux using touch command

Creating Directories in Linux using mkdir command

Overview of awk command in Linux

Overview of cp command to copy files in Linux

Using cp command to copy files in Linux

Create multiple folders at once using awk in Linux

Copy files using Patterns in Linux

Automate file copy using awk and cp in linux

Copying folders recursively using cp command in Linux

Copying files using cp while preserving properties in Linux

Moving Files in linux using mv command

Automate file move using awk and mv in linux

Overview of tar command to take the backups

Create backup of files and folders using tar command in linux

Restoring Files and Folders using tar command in Linux

Moving Folders in Linux using mv command

Overview of rm command to remove files from Linux File System

Delete files from Linux File System using rm command

Use alias to delete files interactively from Linux File System

Delete folders from Linux File System using rm command

Restore Data Folder from the tar ball

Delete files using find and rm from Linux file system based on name

Delete files using find and awk from Linux file system based on name

Generate log files for multiple years using touch with patterns

Update timestamp of files based on names in Linux using touch

Delete files using find and rm based on modified time in Linux

Renaming the files and folders in Linux

Basic System Commands in Linux

Introduction to Basic System Commands in Linux

Overview of core components of a computer

Get CPU Details using lscpu command in Linux

Get Memory Details using free on Linux

Get Storage Details using df in Linux

Get Disk Usage Details using du in Linux

Get largest folders and files using du and sort on Linux

Understand Storage Details of Directories using du on Windows

Get storage use of folders and files

Get Storage Details of larger files using find and du

Comparing Files and Folders in Linux using diff

Introduction to comparing files and folders in Linux using diff

Overview of the diff command

Prepare Dataset to explore diff command in Linux

Understand the output of the diff command in Linux

Compare Files Ignoring Blank Lines and White Spaces using diff in Linux

Compare Files Ignoring case using diff in Linux

Unified and Side By Side Comparison using diff in Linux

Compare Folders in Linux using the diff command

Variables and Environment Variables in Linux

Creating and Printing Variables using echo in Linux

Overview of Environment Variables in Linux and env command

Overview of Environment Variables in Windows

Review some of the standard environment variables in Linux

Get the location of commands in linux using which

Review PATH and unset PATH in Linux

Relevance of PATH Environment Variable while running Linux Commands

Overview of Profile and rc in Linux

Create a simple shell script and grant execute permissions in Linux

Update PATH with parent folders of custom applications

Update PATH in profile with parent folders of custom applications

Getting Started with AWS

Introduction to Getting Started with AWS

Signing up for AWS

Overview of AWS Web Console

Overview of AWS EC2 Console or Dashboard

Create AWS EC2 Key Pair using AWS EC2 Console

Create our first AWS EC2 Instance using Ubuntu 20

Login into AWS EC2 Instance using Key Pair

Overview of AWS Free Tier and Pricing

Overview of AWS Web Console Cloud Shell

Overview of AWS EC2 Instance Concepts

Managing AWS EC2 Instances

Overview of SSH to interact with remote servers

Introduction to Overview of SSH to interact with Remote Servers

Create Multiple AWS EC2 Instances

Different Modes of SSH Login to Remote Servers

Understanding Password less login to Remote Server

Overview of SSH Daemons on Remote Servers

Understand SSH Properties Files and Properties

Enabling Password login on Remote Server

Run Commands on Remote Servers using SSH

Connect to Remote Servers from Windows using Powershell as well as wsl

Setup pssh or parallel-ssh on Mac as well as Ubuntu Linux

Run Commands on multiple servers using parallel-ssh or pssh

Run Commands on multiple servers using pssh using the hosts file

Enable Password less login using ssh keys and the ssh-copy-id command

Terminate AWS EC2 Instances used for demo

Basic Networking Concepts using Linux

Introduction to Basic Networking Concepts using Linux

Provision EC2 Instance from AWS

Overview of AWS Security Groups

Overview of Different Types of IP Addresses

Install Apache Webserver on Ubuntu

Update Security Group to access Apache Web Application

Overview of Daemon or Background Processes and Ports

Understanding Structure of IP Address

Overview of DNS Aliases for IP Addresses

Install Jupyter Lab on Ubuntu

Run Jupyter Lab using Localhost

Update Security Group to access Jupyter Lab

Setup Mongo DB on AWS EC2 Instance

Run MongoDB on Universal IP Address

Update Security Group to access Mongo DB

Cleanup AWS EC2 Instance used to demo networking concepts

Copy Files and Folders between Multiple Systems using scp

Introduction to Copying Files and Folders between multiple Linux Systems using scp

Provision of multiple EC2 Instances from AWS

Connect to EC2 Instances using Windows Powershell

Connect to EC2 Instances from Linux on Windows

Prepare Data Sets to explore Copying Files

Overview of scp for secure copy between Multiple Systems

Copy Files using scp between Multiple Systems

Copy Folders using scp between Multiple Systems

Copy Tar Ball or Zip File using scp between Linux Servers

Setup parallel-scp or pscp to copy files to multiple systems

Prepare Target Systems by recreating folders using pssh

Copy Files onto remote machines in parallel using pscp

Copy Folders onto remote machines in parallel using pscp

Overview of Copying Files and Folders between two systems in parallel

Submit Long-Running Applications or Commands in the Background using nohup

Run multiple scp commands in parallel using nohup in Linux

Stop or Terminate AWS EC2 Instances used for the tasks

Troubleshooting Application issues using find and grep in Linux

Introduction to Troubleshooting Applicatin Issues using find and grep in Linux

Review Standard Location for Application Logs on Linux

Setup Log Files to explore grep and find to troubleshoot the issues

Overview of Standard Log Message Format

Quick Review of find command to get log file names based on criteria

Getting help or official documentation or man page on Linux grep command

Overview of Standard Input, output and error

Redirect Linux Command or Program Results to a file

Overview of Null Device in Linux

Redirect stanard output and error to files and null device in Linux

Overview of Case Sensitivity in Linux

Search for error lines from files in Linux using find and grep

Get File Names with errors using grep and find in Linux

Perform Whole Word Search using Grep Command

Search for multiple patterns in the files using find and grep in Linux

Get number of lines with pattern using find and grep in linux

Get line number and output line using grep in Linux

Get additional lines along with error or exception lines using grep in Linux

Monitoring and Managing Linux Servers using System Commands

Introduction to Monitoring and Managing Linux Servers using System Commands

Setup EC2 Instance on AWS using Ubuntu 2

Overview of Managing Softwares on Ubuntu using apt

Install Apache Web Server and Mongodb on Ubuntu

Manage Applications and Databases using systemctl or service command

Start Apache Web Server and Mongodb using systemctl

Overview of Service and its components

Recap of commands to get Linux Server Details

Get CPU or Load Average of Linux Server using uptime command

Overview of ps command to get details about processes on Linux Server

Get details of all the processes running on Linux Server using ps

Get list of processes owned by user on Linux Server using ps

Customize the output of ps command for specific details of processes

Number of processes on Linux Server owned by each user using ps

Get Process Details for a service on Linux Server using ps command

Overview of lsof command to get list of open files on Linux

Get open file details using lsof for a given process id

Get open file details using lsof for a given port number

Get Process Details using lsof command for a given file

Troubleshoot Port Usage on Linux using lsof command

Overview of top command in Linux to get system performance details

Getting help or man page of top command in Linux

Using Command Line Options of top command in LInux

Customize top interactive interface in Linux

Switching between groups in top interactive interface in Linux

Kill Processes using top interactive interface in Linux

Terminate AWS EC2 Instance setup to practice Linux system management commands

Overview of Developer Tools for Linux using Windows

Introduction to Developer Tools for Linux on Windows

Install Notepad++ on Windows

Install WinScp on Windows to access files on remote Linux Servers or Sites

Add Site to WinScp for Password Login into Remote Linux Server

Add Site to WinScp for Passwordless Login into Remote Linux Server

Copying Files between Windows and Remote Linux Systems using WinScp

Opening Files on Remote Machines using WinScp and Notepad++ Locally on Windows

Overview of Advanced Editing Capabilities of Notepad++

Overview of Visual Studio Code on Windows for Remote Development

Install Visual Studio Code on Windows

Install Remote Development Extension Kit for Visual Studio Code

Setup Project on remote machine for remote development using Visual Studio Code

Open Remote Project via SSH using Visual Studio Code

Open Project via WSL using Visual Studio Code

Access Configuration Files on Remote Machines using Visual Studio Code

Install Git and Git Bash on Windows

Install Beyond Compare on Windows

Setup Repository using Git to explore Beyond Compare

Quick Demo of Beyond Compare to compare code base

Overview of Ansible for Server Automation

Introduction to Overview of Ansible for Server Automation

Setup Ansible on Ubuntu 20

Provision EC2 Instances to learn Ansible

Run first command using Ansible on Multiple Instances using inline inventory

Run first command using Ansible on Multiple Instances using inventory file

Update Ansible Hosts Files on AWS EC2 Reboots

Overview of Ansible help, man page and official documentation

Add User and Group Manually in Linux

Add Group on remote instances using ansible

Adding User using Ansible user module on remote servers

Add Folder on remote systems using Ansible file module

Copy authorized keys using Ansible copy module

Setup Project Structure for Ansible Playbooks using Visual Studio Code

Create and Run first ansible playbook

Define Variables for Credentials to run Ansible Playbooks

Develop Ansible Playbook to Mange Users

Getting Started with Developing Ansible Roles

Develop and Validate Ansible Playbook with Role

Adding more tasks to the Ansible Role and Troubleshooting the issues

Create Ansible Playbook with Variables

Using Lists and Loops in Ansible Playbooks

Using Tags to run specific tasks from Playbooks

Update Ansible Role and Playbook with variables and tags

Add Variables under vars folder of Ansible Role

Terminate AWS EC2 Instances used for Ansible Tasks for Server Automation

Conclusion of Overview of Server Automation using Ansible

Overview of Automation using Python on Linux

Introduction to Overview of Automation using Python on Linux

Validate Python and Python Modules such as pip on Ubuntu

Setup and Validate Jupyter Lab on Ubuntu

Create Folder for Notebooks using Jupyter Lab

Overview of getpass module to get username

Running Linux Shell Commands from Jupyter Notebooks

Overview of Python os module

Setup Data Sets for Python and Linux Integration

Overview of Python glob module

Overview of running Linux Commands using subprocess

Sort all files in Linux File System by size using Python

Uncompress all Compressed Files using Python on Linux

Overview of Python Multiprocessing Module

Uncompress Files in Parallel using Python multiprocessing

Add Extension to Files using Python

Overview of Copying Files using Python and scp

Run Commands on Remote Machines using Python and ssh

Copy Files to multiple systems in parallel using Python and scp

Desired Audience

Here is the desired audience for this advanced course.

Experienced application developers to gain expertise related to Linux shell commands

Experienced Data Engineers to gain enough skills related to Linux shell commands

Testers to improve their testing capabilities by using Linux shell commands effectively

Prerequisites

Logistics

Computer with decent configuration (At least 4 GB RAM, however 8 GB is highly desired)

Dual Core is required and Quad-Core is highly desired

Chrome Browser

High-Speed Internet

Who this course is for:
Students who want to learn Linux commands by hands-on practice
Freshers and entry level IT professionals who want to gain the knowledge of Linux commands
Any Software developers such as Python, Java, etc who would like to gain proficiency of Linux Commands
Any Software Testers who would like to gain proficiency related to Linux Commands
This course is designed for all those IT Professionals who frequently work on Linux based Environment
System Administrators, Network Administrators, DevOps Engineers, etc