Technology Roadmap: Electric and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

This energy technology roadmap focuses on electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles (EV/PHEV),
presenting for the first time a detailed scenario for their evolution from annual production of a few thousand to over 100 million vehicles by 2050.

It finds that the next decade is a key "make or break" period for EVs and PHEVs: governments, the automobile industry, electric utilities and other stakeholders must work together to roll out vehicles and infrastructure in a coordinated fashion, and ensure that the rapidly growing consumer market is ready to purchase them. The roadmap concludes with a set of near-term actions to achieve the roadmap’s vision.



Table of Contents
Key Findings
Introduction
Roadmap scope
Roadmap vision
Roadmap purpose and content
EV/PHEV Status Today
Overview
EV technology
PHEV technology
Batteries: The key technology for EVs and PHEVs
EV/PHEV Deployment: Market Impact Projections and CO2 Abatement Potential
Overview of BLUE Map scenario targets and assumptions
Market growth projections in model types and model sales
Impacts on fuel use and CO2 emissions
Vehicle and battery manufacturer partnerships and production targets
Technology Development: Strategic Goals, Actions and Milestones
1. Set targets for electric-drive vehicle sales
2. Develop coordinated strategies to support the market introduction of electric-drive vehicles
3. Improve industry understanding of consumer needs and behaviours
4. Develop performance metrics for characterising vehicles
5. Foster energy storage RD&D initiatives to reduce costs and address resource-related issues
6. Develop and implement recharging infrastructure
Additional Recommendations: Actions and Milestones
Use a comprehensive mix of policies that provide a clear framework and balance stakeholder interests
Engage in international collaboration efforts
Encourage governments to address policy and industry needs at a national level
Conclusion: Near-term Actions for Stakeholders
Appendix I. References
Appendix II. Abbreviations and Acronyms