"Steps Forwards in Diagnosing and Controlling Influenza" ed. by Manal Mohammad Baddour

This volume is dedicated to the problems of diagnosing and Ccntrolling influenza.

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 3-5 million cases of severe influenza worldwide will result in 250,000-500,000 deaths annually. Collectively, data are shared via the WHO's Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS), which includes 143 institutions in 113 WHO member states, to help alert the emergence of antigenic variants or the beginning of a pandemic. In April 2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cited the first incidence of human-to-human transmission of pandemic H1N1, also referred to as swine influenza A, which was antigenically distinct from other circulating human H1N1. As the first influenza pandemic of the twenty-first century, pandemic H1N1 was not included in the annual trivalent vaccine regimen, leaving a large majority of the population unprotected from the newly emerging pathogen.

Contents
Preface
1 Influenza Diagnosis with a Specific Emphasis on the M2e Antigen as a Diagnostic Tool
2 Application of the New Generation of Sequencing Technologies for Evaluation of Genetic Consistency of Influenza A Vaccine Viruses
3 Electrochemical Sensors for Detections of Influenza Viruses: Fundamentals and Applications
4 Biosensors for Rapid Detection of Avian Influenza
5 Steps toward a Universal Influenza Vaccine: Research Models and Comparison of Current Approaches
6 Influenza Inactive Virus Vaccine with the Fusion Peptide (rTα1- BP5) Enhances Protection Against Influenza Through Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immunity
7 Cholesteryl Pullulan Nanoparticles-Encapsulated TNF-α: An Effective Mucosal Vaccine Adjuvant Against Influenza
8 Development of Vaccines for Poultry Against H5 Avian Influenza Based on Turkey Herpesvirus Vector
9 Maternal Influenza: Infection, Vaccination, and Compelling Questions
10 Antibody Responses after Influenza Vaccination in Elderly People: Useful Information from a 27-Year Study (from 1988– 1989 to 2014–2015)
11 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Clinical and Immunological Effects of Mono-Vaccination Against Influenza Using an Immunoadjuvant Vaccine of a New Class Versus Combined Administration S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and Influenza Vaccines

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