"Simultaneous Simulation of Reservoir and Surface Facilities" by Denis Jose Schiozer

The main objective of this work is to develop efficient techniques to couple solutions for performance of reservoir and surface facilities, which is a fundamental step for the development of management routines and for optiinization of total system periormance.

Contents
Abstract
Acknowledgements
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 Reservoir Model
2.1.1 Domain Decomposition
2.1.2 Local Timestep
2.2 Surface Facilities Model
2.2.1 Multiphase Flow in Pipes
2.2.2 Chokes
2.3 Coupling of Reservoir and Surface Facilities
3 Reservoir Model
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Mathematical and Numerical Models
3.2.1 Flow Equation
3.2.2 Generalized Black-Oil Formulation
3.2.3 Additional Equations
3.2.4 Discretization of Flow Equation
3.2.5 Solution of Nonlinear Equations
3.3 Well Model
3.3.1 Basic Well Model
3.3.2 Well Constraints
3.3.3 Horizontal Wells
3.4 Domain Decomposition
3.4.1 Description
3.4.2 Automatic Domain Decomposition
3.5 Local Timestep
3.5.1 Timestep and Coupling of Surface Facilities
3.6 Local Grid Refinement
3.6.1 Description
3.6.2 Restrictions
4 Surface Facilities
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Multiphase Flow in Pipes
4.2.1 Wellbore Model
4.2.2 Pipeline Model
4.3 Flow Through Restrictions
4.4 Solution Method - Balancing the System
4.4.1 Single.Wel1, Single-phase Production System
4.4.2 Production Network System
4.4.3 Group Node Constraints
4.4.4 Discussion
5 ChokeModel
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Sachdeva et al Model
5.3 Effect of Chokes on Coupling of Systems
5.4 Safety Valves
6 Coupling of Reservoir and Surface Facilities
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Method 1 Explicit
6.2.1 Coupling of the Well to the Reservoir
6.2.2 Coupling of Surface Facilities to the Reservoir
6.2.3 Timestep Control and Local Timestep (LTS)
6.3 Method 2 Implicit Surface Facilities and Reservoir as Separate Domains
6.3.1 Acceleration Techniques
6.3.2 Results
6.3.3 Interface Boundary Conditions
6.3.4 Discussion
6.4 Method 3 - Fully Implicit
6.4.1 Coupling the Well Model to the Reservoir
6.4.2 Coupling Surface Facilities to the Reservoir
6.4.3 Results
6.5 Discussion
6.5.1 Handling Discontinuities in the Surface Model
6.5.2 Management Routine
7 Discussion and Recommendations
8 Conclusions
Nomenclature
Bibliography
A Program Description
A.l Flow Charts
A.2 Subroutines and Functions Description
B Multiphase Flow Correlations
B.l Principles of Multiphase Flow in Pipes
B.2 Vertical Flow
B.3 Horizontal and Inclined Flow
B.4 Discontinuities
B.5 A Smooth Correlation
C Example Problems
C.l Example 1
C.2 Example 2
C.3 Example 3

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