Seismic Acquisition 101

Seismic acquisition

What you'll learn
This is a basic course on seismic acquisition to introduce the techniques currently being used in marine and land acquisition and why they are being used.
It exams the issues that are present in recording seismic data but it does not go into detail about the theory.
Emphasizes acquiring a high-density survey to obtain better near offsets,
Reviews how to obtain broad band frequencies from the seismic source to achieve higher horizontal and vertical resolution to image thin beds.
Reviews new ways of acquiring seismic data to reduce the costs.
Requirements
Understanding of geoscience.
Description
This course introduces the concepts of seismic acquisition. It looks at what is a shot, receiver and a CDP gather. It shows how the data is bined in both the land swath survey and the marine to produce CDP gathers, inlines and crosslines, CDPX and CDPY. It reviews how to we get a broad frequency source, how to deal with ghosts in the source and receiver which create frequency notches, and it looks into the seismic acquisition parameters that lead to a successful seismic interpretation.Importance of a broad frequency source is to remove the sidelobes where thin beds may hide and the higher frequencies will remove tuning of the thin beds.This course emphasizes that we need to know what we wish to illuminate in the data to improve our interpretation. Like the Special Forces we need to understand our final goals and work backwards. This involves understanding the AVO that is present in the data which involves well modelling. We also need to use the well modelling to understand the far offsets needed to image the AVO. The ability to image the AVO will help the success of the inversion.We also need to recognize that seismic acquisition is a balance between budget and acquisition parameters.

Overview

Section 1: Introduction

Lecture 1 Introduction

Lecture 2 Before doing seismic acquisition there are things we need to know

Lecture 3 Geological and Geophysical mapping

Lecture 4 Definition of a CDP and why we use it

Lecture 5 2D seismic

Section 2: Marine Acquisition

Lecture 6 3D streamer data navigation network and how narrow azimuth streamer is acquired

Lecture 7 3D streamer data, gridding and binning

Lecture 8 Air guns, source and receiver ghosts

Lecture 9 Future of marine acquisition

Section 3: Land and OBC / node acquisition and its use with shear and 4D

Lecture 10 3D swath data acquisition and gridding and binning

Lecture 11 OBC and shear data

Lecture 12 4D seismic, Geomodelling, DFN’s and reservoir simulation

Section 4: Seismic acquisition parameters

Lecture 13 Migration Aperture

Lecture 14 Acquisition parameters

Lecture 15 Cross spreads and COV Tiles

Lecture 16 Density of seismic survey and lateral spatial aliasing

Lecture 17 Determining Far offset and steps to design the survey

Lecture 18 Land sources

Lecture 19 High Density Seismic and issues in Seismic Acquisition

Good course for junior geoscientists and engineers, managers, and investors.