Rising to the Challenge: U.S. Innovation Policy for Global Economy

This book emphasizes the importance of sustaining global leadership in the commercialization of innovation which is vital to America's security, its role as a world power, and the welfare of its people.

This report argues that far more vigorous attention be paid to capturing the outputs of innovation - the commercial products, the industries, and particularly high-quality jobs to restore full employment. America's economic and national security future depends on our succeeding in this endeavor.

Contents
PREFACE
OVERVIEW
PART I: THE INNOVATION CHALLENGE
Chapter 1: The Innovation Challenge
AMERICA’S INNOVATION CHALLENGES
Capturing the Economic Value of Innovation
Coping with the Growth of New Competitors
NEW TRENDS IN GLOBAL INNOVATION
Strong Policy Focus on Innovation
Rapid Growth in R&D Spending
21st Century Mercantilism
The Search for Talent
The Growth of Foreign Research Centers of U.S. Multinationals
The Rise of Open Innovation
Growth of Innovative Regions Around the World
THE PILLARS OF U.S. INNOVATIVE STRENGTH
Strong Protection of Intellectual Property
Federal Funding of Research
Research Universities
National Laboratories
The Private Sector
Public-Private Partnerships
RESPONDING TO THE INNOVATION CHALLENGE
Policies to Capture the Value of Innovation in Some Leading Countries and Regions
The Growing U.S. Response: Federal Government
The Growing U.S. Response: State and Regional Initiatives
Looking Ahead
Chapter 2: Sustaining Leadership in Innovation
IMPROVING FRAMEWORK CONDITIONS
SUBSTANTIALLY INCREASING R&D FUNDING
INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT FOR APPLIED RESEARCH
Germany’s Fraunhofer
Taiwan’s ITRI
South Korea’s ETRI
U.S. Applied Engineering Programs
State Programs
Lessons and Calls for New U.S. Institutions
Recent Initiatives
STRENGTHENING MANUFACTURING
The Link between Manufacturing and Innovation
Support for Manufacturing Overseas
U.S. Support for Manufacturing
Why Manufacturing Matters for the U.S.
PROVIDING EARLY STAGE FINANCE
DEVELOPING TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY UNIVERSITIES
U.S. Universities Face Financial Challenges
Growing Investments in Universities Abroad
New Models of 21st Century Universities
New Opportunities for Global Collaboration
Collaboration with Industry
INVESTING IN MODERN S&T PARKS
GROWING INNOVATION CLUSTERS
International Cluster Initiatives
U.S. Regional Cluster Initiatives
The U.S. Federal Role
HUNTING FOR GLOBAL TALENT
THE WAY FORWARD
Chapter 3: Findings
Chapter 4: Recommendations
PART II: GLOBAL INNOVATION POLICIES
Chapter 5: The New Global Competitive Environment
EMERGING POWERS
China’s Rapid Rise
India’s Changing Innovation System
NEWLY INDUSTRIALIZED ECONOMIES
Taiwan
Singapore’s Focus
INDUSTRIALIZED NATION CASE STUDIES
Germany
Flanders
Finland
Canada
Japan
Chapter 6: National Support for Emerging Industries
SEMICONDUCTORS
The Strategic Importance of Semiconductors
A New Set of Challenges
Industry Growth and U.S. Policy
The Role of U.S. Trade Policy
New U.S. Research Consortia
Today’s Competitive Challenges
Lessons
THE PHOTOVOLTAIC INDUSTRY
Solar Power’s Strategic Importance
The Industry’s Origins
Competing Technologies
U.S. Advantages
The New U.S. Solar Policy Thrust
The Challenges Ahead
Photovoltaic Policy Questions for the United States
Conclusion
ADVANCED BATTERIES
Opportunities to Catch Up
The Growing Federal Role
The Military’s Electrification Drive
Future Policy Priorities
Conclusion
PHARMACEUTICALS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICALS
Strategic Importance
Evolution of the Industry
Challenges
Looking Ahead
IN CLOSING
Chapter 7: Clusters and Regional Initiatives
THE INNOVATION CHALLENGE
POLICIES TO FOSTER INNOVATION
REGIONAL INNOVATION CLUSTERS
Cluster Dynamics
An Emerging U.S. Cluster Strategy
Why Clusters are Relevant Now
State and Regional Case Studies
Policy Lessons for U.S. Innovation Clusters
TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY PARKS
Research Parks Around the World
A New Generation of U.S. Research Parks
Observations on Factors in the Success of Research Parks
IN CLOSING
APPENDIXES
A List of Workshops and Symposia for the Study of Comparative National Innovation Policies: Best Practice for the 21st Century
B Bibliography

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