Professional Level Rock Physics for Seismic Amplitude Interpretation

This Rock Physcis Associates course builds upon the Essentials of Rock Physics for Seismic Amplitude Interpretation focusing on the detailed understanding of seismic modelling issues such as fluid substitution and quantitative well ties as well as seismic analysis techniques such as AVO projections and inversion for angle independent rock properties.

The course is designed by Rock Physics Associates for geoscientists (geophysicists and petrophysicists are the likely target audience) who have had some exposure to rock physics, AVO and inversion on working projects and would like to know more.

TOC
1. Introduction
2. Fundamentals
2.1 Seismic Basics
2.2 Approach to Seismic Modelling
2.3 Elastic Parameters
2.4 Modelling Reflectivity
2.5 Types of Seismic Models
2.6 Relating Seismic Data to Models
3. Rock Properties and AVO
3.1 AVO Response Description
3.2 Rock Property Controls on the AVO Response
4. Rock Physics, AVO and Seismic Interpretation
4.1 Seismic Interpretation and AVO
4.2 Trend Curves and the Stratigraphic Context of AVO Models
4.3 Some Examples
5. Characteristics of Seismic Wavelets
5.1 Bandwidth and Phase
5.2 Zero Phase and Minimum Phase
5.3 Wavelet Shape (Phase) and Depth
5.4 Idealized Wavelets
5.5 Wavelet Phase and Seismic Processing
5.6 Zero Phasing
5.7 Enhancin
6. Resolution
6.1 The problem of Interference
6.2 Temporal Resolution
6.3 Estimating the tuning thickness and vertical resolution from seismic data
6.4 Vertical Resolution and Depth
6.5 The Effect of Wavelet Shape and Filter Slopes on Resolution
6.6 Thickness Prediction from Seismic
6.7 Net Pay Prediction in Isolated Thin Beds
6.8 Lateral Resolution
6.9 Resolution - Sections vs. Maps
7. Well Ties
7.1 The Well Tie Process
7.2 A Quantitative Approach to Well Ties
7.3 The Need for Precision in Well Ties
7.4 Practical Issues
8. Deriving Inputs for Seismic Models
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Gassmanns Equation
8.3 General Comments on Gassmann Inputs and Workflow
8.4 Practical Gassmann Scenarios
8.5. A Note on Shales
8.6 A Discussion of Rock Models
8.7. Log Editing
9. Detailed Seismic Modelling
9.1 Discussion
10. Seismic Trace Inversion
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Seismic Data and Bandlimited Impedance
10.3 Towards Absolute Impedance from Seismic
10.4 Broadband Inversion for Absolute Impedance
10.5. Interpretation Issues
11. AVO Analysis
11.1 Introduction
11.2 'Conventional' Intercept / Gradient AVO Analysis
11.3 Seismic Processing Issues
11.4 Other Reflectivity Analysis Techniques
11.5 Elastic Inversion
12. Rock Physics and Probability
12.1 Introduction
12.2A Workflow
13. Rock Physics and Time Lapse Seismic
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Which Reservoirs are Candidates for Time-lapse?
13.3 Two Important Rock Physics Issues
14. Anisotropy
14.1 Types of Anisotropy - What is Anisotropy?
14.2 Modelling AVO in Rocks with Vertical Transverse Isotropy
14.3 VTI in Real Rocks
14.4 Effect of VTI on Seismic Imaging
14.5 Effect of VTI on Seismic Amplitude
14.6 Another Complication - Attenuation
14.7 Azimuthal Anisotropy
14.8 Azimuthal Anisotropy and the Phenomonen of Shear Wave Splitting
14.9 P Wave Exploitation of Azimuthal Anisotropy (AVZ, AVOA, AVAZ, AVO)
15. Issues in Applying Rock Physics in Prospect Evaluation
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Amplitude (DHI) Interpretation
15.3 Amplitudes in the Risking Context
15.4 Comments on DHI Risking
15.5 A Risking Dilemma Geology vs. Geophysics
16. Exercises
16.1 Quick-look workflow
16.2 Log conditioning and modelling workflow
16.3 Forward modelling using Xu-White
16.4 20 AVO modelling lithology and fluid
16.5 Elastic inversion interpretation exercise
16.6 Rock physics and probability
16.7 Time lapse exercise
16.8 Anisotropy scenarios
17. Exercises - Answers
17.1 Quick look workflow
17.2 Log conditioning and modelling workflow
17.3 Forward modelling using Xu-White
17.4 20 AVO modelling lithology and fluid
17.5 Elastic inversion interpretation exercise
17.6 Rock physics and probability
17.7 Time lapse exercise
17.8 Anisotropy scenarios
18. References

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