Electricity from Renewable Resources: Status, Prospects, and Impediments

This issue examines the technical potential for electric power generation with alternative sources such as wind, solar-photovoltaic, geothermal, solar-thermal, hydroelectric, and other renewable sources. The book focuses on those renewable sources that show the most promise for initial commercial deployment within 10 years and will lead to a substantial impact on the U.S. energy system.

A quantitative characterization of technologies, this book lays out expectations of costs, performance, and impacts, as well as barriers and research and development needs. In addition to a principal focus on renewable energy technologies for power generation.
The book addresses the challenges of incorporating such technologies into the power grid, as well as potential improvements in the national electricity grid that could enable better and more extensive utilization of wind, solar-thermal, solar photovoltaics, and other renewable technologies.

Contents
SUMMARY
1 INTRODUCTION
Background
Current Status of Renewable Electricity Generation
Reference Case Projection of Future Renewable Electricity Generation in the United States
Issues of Scale
Approach and Scope of This Report
References
2 RESOURCE BASE
2007 Baseline Values
Wind Power
Solar Power
Geothermal Power
Hydropower
Biopower
Findings
References
3 RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY GENERATION TECHNOLOGIES
Wind Power
Solar Photovoltaic Power
Concentrating Solar Power
Geothermal Power
Hydropower
Biopower
Enhancing Technologies for Electricity System Operation
Findings
References
4 ECONOMICS OF RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY
The Value of Renewables
Costs and Economics of Renewable Electricity
Policies and Practices That Affect the Economics of Renewable Electricity Generation
Estimates of Current Costs
Costs in 2020
Analysis of 2020 Cost Projections
Findings
References
Annex
5 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY GENERATION
Large-Scale Impacts from Life-Cycle Assessment
Local Environmental Impacts—Siting and Permitting
Findings
References
Annex
6 DEPLOYMENT OF RENEWABLE ELECTRIC ENERGY
Deployment Capacity Considerations
Renewable Electricity Integration
Renewable Energy Markets
Deployment Risk and Related Issues
Findings
References
7 SCENARIOS
Objectives for Scenarios
Examples of High-Penetration Scenarios
Scenarios Coupling Renewables to Energy Markets Through Carbon Policies
Findings
References,
Appendixes
A America’s Energy Future Project
B Panel Biographical Information
C Presentations to the Panel
D Description of State Renewables Portfolio Standards
E Attributes of Life-Cycle Assessment
F Atmospheric Emissions from Fossil-Fuel and Nuclear Electricity Generation

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