Images in Social Media

by Susanne Ørnager (Author),‎ Haakon Lund (Author),‎ Gary Marchionini (Editor)

This book focuses on the methodologies, organization, and communication of digital image collection research that utilizes social media content. ("Image" is here understood as a cultural, conventional, and commercial—stock photo—representation.) The lecture offers expert views that provide different interpretations of images and their potential implementations. Linguistic and semiotic methodologies as well as eye-tracking research are employed to both analyze images and comprehend how humans consider them, including which salient features generally attract viewers' attention.

This literature review covers image—specifically photographic—research since 2005, when major social media platforms emerged. A citation analysis includes an overview of co-citation maps that demonstrate the nexus of image research literature and the journals in which they appear. Eye tracking tests whether scholarly templates focus on the proper features of an image, such as people, objects, time, etc., and if a prescribed theme affects the eye movements of the observer. The results may point to renewed requirements for building image search engines. As it stands, image management already requires new algorithms and a new understanding that involves text recognition and very large database processing.

The aim of this book is to present different image research areas and demonstrate the challenges image research faces. The book's scope is, by necessity, far from comprehensive, since the field of digital image research does not cover fake news, image manipulation, mobile photos, etc.; these issues are very complex and need a publication of their own. This book should primarily be useful for students in library and information science, psychology, and computer science.

About the Author
Susanne Ornager obtained her Ph.D. in Computer Linguistics in 1999 from Copenhagen Business School (CBS), Denmark. From 1999-2012, she was Adviser for Communication & Information (CI) in Asia and the Pacific at the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Since 2012, she has taught courses in academic image organizations, social media and information methods, and information architecture and image management. She has published internationally in peer-reviewed academic outlets, presented research internationally to both academic and commercial audiences, participated in conferences and workshops, and served on review committees for humanities programs in the U.S. Haakon Lund is currently an associate professor at the University of Copenhagen in Information Science. He has been working with the application of eye-tracking technology for a number of years and his research is primarily focused on the evaluation of information systems. He teaches courses on information architecture including the development of metadata schemas. Gary Marchionini is the Cary C. Boshamer Professor of Information Science in the School of Information and Library Science at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. His Ph.D. is from Wayne State University in mathematics education with an emphasis on educational computing. His research interests are in information seeking in electronic environments, digital libraries, human-computer interaction, digital government and information technology policy. He has had grants or contracts from the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Education, the Council on Library Resources, the National Library of Medicine, the Library of Congress, the Kellogg Foundation, and NASA, among others. He was the Conference Chair for the 1996 ACM Digital Library Conference and program chair for the 2002 ACM-IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries. He is editor-in-chief for ACM Transactions on Information Systems and serves on the editorial boards of a dozen scholarly journals. He has published more than 150 articles, chapters, and conference papers in the information science, computer science, and education literatures. He founded the Interaction Design Laboratory at UNC-CH.



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