Romans (International Critical Commentary)

This classic commentary is organized as follows:

Introduction
§ 1. Rome in a. d. 58
§ 2. The Jews in Rome
§ 3. The Roman Church
§ 4. The Time and Place, Occasion and Purpose, of the Epistle
§ 5. The Argument
§ 6. Language and Style
§ 7. The Text
§ 8. Literary History
§ 9. Integrity of the Epistle
§ 10. Commentaries

Romans 1
The Apostolic Salutation
The Theological Terminology of Rom 1:1-7
St. Paul and the Roman Church
The word δίκαιος and its cognates
The Meaning of Faith in the New Testament and in some Jewish Writings
The Righteousness of God
St. Paul’s Description of the Condition of the Heathen World
Use of the Book of Wisdom in Chapter 1

Romans 2
Transition From Gentile to Jew. Both Alike Guilty
Failure of the Jews

Romans 3
Casuistical Objections Answered
Universal Failure to Attain to Righteousness
The New System
The Death of Christ considered as a Sacrifice
Consequences of the New System

Romans 4
The Faith of Abraham
The History of Abraham as treated by St. Paul and by St. James
Faith and Circumcision
Jewish Teaching on Circumcision
Promise and Law
Abraham’s Faith a Type of the Christian’s
The Place of the Resurrection of Christ in the teaching of St. Paul

Romans 5
Blissful Consequences of Justification
Is the Society or the Individual the proper object of Justification?
The Idea of Reconciliation or Atonement
The Fall of Adam and the Work of Christ
The Effects of Adam’s Fall in Jewish Theology
Adam and Christ
St. Paul’s Conception of Sin and of the Fall
History of the Interpretation of the Pauline doctrine of δικαίωσις

Romans 6
The Mystical Union of the Christian With Christ
The Doctrine of Mystical Union with Christ
The Transition From Law to Grace. Analogy of Slavery

Romans 7
The Transition From Law to Grace. Analogy of Marriage
Law and Sin
The Inward Conflict
St. Paul’s View of the Law

Romans 8
Life in the Spirit.
The Fruits of the Incarnation
The Life of the Flesh and the Life of the Spirit
The Person and Work of the Holy Spirit
Sonship and Heirship
Suffering the Path to Glory
The Renovation of Nature
The Assistance of the Spirit
The Ascending Process of Salvation
The Proofs and Assurance of Divine Love

Romans 9
The Apostle’s Sorrow Over Israel’s Unbelief
The Privileges of Israel
The Punctuation of Rom 9:5
The Rejection of Israel Not Inconsistent With the Divine Promises
The Divine Election
The Rejection of Israel Not Inconsistent With the Divine Justice
The Divine Sovereignty in the Old Testament
The Power and Rights of God as Creator
The Relation of St. Paul’s Argument in chap. 9 to the Book of Wisdom
A History of the Interpretation of Rom 9:6-29
Israel Itself to Blame for Its Rejection

Romans 10
Israel’s Unbelief Not Excused by Want of Opportunity
The Argument of 9:30-10:21: Human Responsibility
St. Paul’s Use of the Old Testament

Romans 11
The Rejection of Israel Not Complete
The Doctrine of the Remnant
The Rejection of Israel Not Final
The Merits of the Fathers
Mercy to All the Ultimate Purpose of God
The Argument of Romans 9-11
St. Paul’s Philosophy of History
The Salvation of the Individual. Free-will and Predestination

Romans 12
The New Life
The Right Use of Spiritual Gifts
Spiritual Gifts
Maxims to Guide the Christian Life

Romans 13
On Obedience to Rulers
The Church and the Civil Power
Love the Fulfilment of All Law
The History of the word ἀγάπη.
The Christian Teaching on Love
The Day Is at Hand
The early Christian belief in the nearness of the παρουσία.
The relation of Chaps. 12-14 to the Gospels

Romans 14
On Forbearance Towards Those Who Are Scrupulous

Romans 15
What sect or party is referred to in Rom 14?
Apology for Admonitions
The Apostle’s Plans

Romans 16
Personal Greetings
Aquila and Priscilla
Warning Against False Teachers
Greetings of St. Paul’s Companions
The Concluding Doxology