Building Blocks Of Analog Vlsi Systems : Voltage References

Analog Electronics, Analog IC Design, VLSI, Voltage References, Current References

What you'll learn

Understand and design temperature varying circuits (PTAT/CTAT) from scratch

Understand and design voltage references (which are fundamental blocks in Analog VLSI systems) from scratch

Analyze Process, Supply, Temperature (PVT) and other variations in circuits

Understand different architectures of voltage references used in industry and academia

Requirements

Fundamentals of Analog Electronic Circuits

Description

The course is about designing the fundamental block of all the analog systems, which is the voltage reference. Voltage references (Vref ) are ubiquitous building blocks in most electronic circuits and systems. They are used to generate process, supply and temperature (PVT) invariant voltages in various analog modules such as Analog-to-digital (A/D) and digital-to-analog (D/A) converters, voltage regulators,relaxation oscillators, sensor interfaces, DRAMS, flash memories, power-on-reset (PoR) circuits and radio-frequency (RF) communication devices. Due to the development of power-aware applications like the emerging Internet-of-Things (IoT), designing voltage references with low power consumptionwill be of paramount importance since they are typically always-on to ensure robust performance of theaforementioned modules. The IoT nodes also demand other stringent requirements like working at low supply voltages and low area occupancy for the voltage references apart from low power consumption. The state-of-the-art comprises of many such low-power voltage references, each having their own advantages and limitations. A compact understanding and comparison of all the low-power references will lay a good foundation to design or choose a voltage reference for this new and emerging application space.What You'll Learn from this Course:1) Learn what are PVT/Mismatch variations and how they translate to electrical parameters.2) Define voltage reference w.r.t variations and have a look at a sample specification sheet.3) Design PTAT and CTAT elements of voltage reference and analyze process variations.4) Understand different architectures of voltage references and analyze the effect of PVT in each architecture.5) Understand how to choose an architecture based on spec sheet and consider other trade-offs.

Overview

Section 1: Introduction

Lecture 1 Introduction

Section 2: Definitions and metrics related to voltage references

Lecture 2 Definition of voltage reference

Lecture 3 PVT variations - Process variations

Lecture 4 Supply Variations

Lecture 5 Temperature Variations

Lecture 6 Specifications of Voltage Reference Summarized

Section 3: Temperature Compensation

Lecture 7 Mathematical combinations of generating PTAT/CTAT/Ref parameters

Lecture 8 Generating PTAT voltage from diodes

Lecture 9 PTAT and CTAT voltages from BJTs

Lecture 10 PTAT and CTAT voltages from MOSFETs

Section 4: Design of PTAT voltage generating circuits from scratch

Lecture 11 Delta VBE based approach

Lecture 12 Delta VGS based approach

Lecture 13 VGS based approach

Section 5: Design of CTAT voltage generating circuits from scratch

Lecture 14 VBE based approach

Lecture 15 VGS based approach

Lecture 16 Delta VGS based approach

Section 6: Design of voltage references from scratch

Lecture 17 Type 1 Static Voltage References

Lecture 18 Trimming Circuits

Lecture 19 Start-up Circuits

Lecture 20 Sub-bandgap references

Lecture 21 Type 1 Dynamic Voltage References

Lecture 22 Type 2 Voltage References

Lecture 23 Type 3 Voltage References

Section 7: Summary

Lecture 24 Final Design Considerations and Summary

Freshers in VLSI industry who want to start designing analog systems from scratch,Job employees who are assigned a project on voltage/current reference and looking for supporting materials,Students who are looking for internships or jobs can design voltage/current references after this course and add them in their resumes to boost their chances of acceptance,Engineers who are looking to transition to analog circuit design and know the basics can start with this course,Any electronics enthusiast who has a passion for learning new circuits can also try this course