Cardiovascular Toxicity

The cardiovascular system is vital for human well-being, playing key roles in thermoregulation, nutrient transport, fluid balance, and protection from infection. Cardiovascular diseases are leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs, toxins, and environmental factors can induce cardiovascular toxicity, causing structural changes and impairing blood flow. Co-morbidities like diabetes and obesity, along with epigenetic factors and infections, further enhance cardiovascular toxicity. Understanding these factors and developing better therapeutic approaches is crucial.