Overtourism: Issues, realities and solutions

Once a niche term within the travel industry, “overtourism” is a growing global issue that has gained media attention worldwide.
Although the phenomenon is not new, the effects of unsustainable and rapidly growing tourism has led to increased concern about negative effects on local communities and places of natural beauty.
De Gruyter’s new publication, Overtourism: Issues, Realities, and Solutions, edited by Rachel Dodds and Richard W. Butler, is the first book to examine in detail the origin and “enablers” of overtourism. It places the much discussed and contentious topic in a conceptual context with other forms of tourism, including wider discussions of policy and planning. In a selection of global case studies in both urban and rural settings, the book discusses potential steps to reduce the impact on residents and the natural environment of affected areas.
One of the chapters examines Barcelona, once viewed as one of the “coolest” destinations in Europe. As media reports show, the Catalan capital is now struggling under the weight of its popularity. In the chapter “Barcelona – Crowding out the locals: A Model for Tourism Management?” author Harold Goodwin focuses on the rise and development of Barcelona’s extreme tourism and looks at its ambitious program for addressing overtourism.
In another chapter that examines the significant impact of social media such as Instagram, Ulrike Gretzel, author of the chapter “The Role of Social Media in Creating and Addressing Overtourism”, outlines the significant influence on the tourist boom, as well as on visitor behavior.
While it is apparent that social media has contributed to the problem, Gretzel also posits the positive effect it can potentially have on, for example, prevention. “Social media also provides opportunities to share information about lesser visited places and reinforce sustainable tourist behaviors. It also allows for activism that heightens awareness of overtourism and facilitates discourse among diverse stakeholder groups.”
The discussions on the many aspects of overtourism as a global issue underline how important it is going forwards to develop tourism in line with the needs of the local residents.