Religion and Society in Nineteenth-century Japan: A Study of the Southern Kantō Region, Using Late Edo and Eary Meiji Gazetteer

Using local geographies of the Kanto region as a basis for her study, Helen Hardacre presents a statistical portrait of the religious institutions existing in Koza County of Sagami Province and the Western Tama area of Musashi Province in the years from roughly 1830 to 1840. She then interprets this data to provide the social setting for these religious institutions by supplementing the statistical portrait derived from the geographies, first with an examination of the legal framework governing religious institutions during the Edo period, and then with case studies of four significant religious sites in the survey area. The dynamics of the institutional organization of these four sites are analyzed, with attention to the relations among temples and shrines and to the development of the shrine priesthood. This analysis is further supplemented with a discussion of popular religious life centering on the temples and shrines of the survey area at the end of the Edo period. Religion and Society in Nineteenth-Century Japan offers extensive and concrete detail for the complex institutional ways in which Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines were interwoven and interpenetrated in the late Edo period, and for the specific and equally complex ways in which this whole system was transformed in the Meiji period. The book also details the economic basis of institutional religions, the relative roles and strengths of various Buddhist sects, and the ritualization of sericulture.